Hair Loss Treatment

Hair Root Status in treatment of Hair loss
Hautarzt. 1977;28:136

Significance of hair root status method

Braun-Falco O, Heilgemeir GP

The significance of proposition of the hair root status method is reported. The percentage composition of the hair root patterns of neighboring areas of the capillitium and the behavior of the percentage of the individual hair root shapes were examined at time zero and 120 days later. These examinations were carried out in the frontal, parietal and occipital regions of each of 10 male test persons with clinically normal hair growth and statistically evaluated. The hair root pattern of neighboring areas is the same within the different regions of the capillitium. Thus the hair root patterns investigated in the different regions of the capillitium are representative of this respective region. The hair root patterns of males with clinically normal hair regrowth (for the frontal, parietal and occipital region) does not differ with time. Therefore, examination of the hair root pattern at four week intervals can be used for controlling the hair regrowth capacity and therapeutic effects. The significance of the hair root status method in treatment may be relative small in the individual case in a person with normal hair regrowth, but useful when evaluated in a collective of subjects.

Modified for hair regrowth blog

Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2009;50:719

The importance of histopathologic aspects in of dissecting cellulitis of the scalp.
Brãniºteanu DE,.

hair loss blog edited

Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp or dissecting folliculitis also known as "perifoliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens" (PCAS), is a rare, severe and distinct dermatological disease and cause of hair loss. It most probably occurs because of follicular occlusion via hyperkeratosis, having the same mechanism of acnea conglobata and hidradenitis suppurativa. These dermatoses may be associated or may have an isolated evolution. PCAS is one of the primitive cicatricial air loss of neutrophilic type. What is characteristic for the histopathologic picture of the disease is the deep inflammatory infiltrate, placed at the reticular derm or hypoderm level. snip.. Here is the case of a 24-year-old male with records of acne conglobata and cicatricial hair loss of the scalp, with relapsed inflammatory nodular lesions on the surface of the alopecic plaques and follicular pustules on their margin. The patient had followed before hospitalizing a systemic treatment with antibiotics (azithromycin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, in therapeutic schemes that the patient cannot mention, but anyway of short time) and after that a treatment with retinoids (isotretinoin, 20-30 mg/day, in two successive therapies of one month each). The evolution of the disease under these treatments was with outbreaks and short times of remission of the acne lesions and nodular lesions of the scalp. The clinical diagnosis of PCAS is difficult, especially in the initial stage of the disease, as it was the case of the patient presented here. snip....

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Edited for hair loss and hair loss treatment blog

J Am Acad Dermatol. 1986;15:571

Structural and functional changes of normal aging skin.
Fenske NA, Lober CW.

Solar-induced cutaneous changes are more prevalent and profound in older persons and, thus, are often inappropriately attributed to the aging process, per se. Structural and functional alterations caused by intrinsic aging and independent of environmental insults are now recognized in the skin of elderly individuals. Structurally the aged epidermis likely becomes thinner, the corneocytes become less adherent to one another, and there is flattening of the dermoepidermal interface. The number of melanocytes and Langerhans cells is decreased. The dermis becomes atrophic and it is relatively acellular and avascular. Dermal collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycans are altered. The subcutaneous tissue is diminished in some areas, especially the face, shins, hands, and feet, while in others, particularly the abdomen in men and the thighs in women, it is increased. The number of eccrine glands is reduced and both the eccrine and apocrine glands undergo attenuation. Sebaceous glands tend to increase in size but paradoxically their secretory output is lessened. The nail plate is generally thinned, the surface ridged and lusterless, and the lunula decreased in size. There is a progressive reduction in the density of hair follicles per unit area on the face and scalp, independent of male-pattern alopecia. The hair shaft diameter is generally reduced but in some areas, especially the ears, nose, and eyebrows of men and the upper lip and chin in women, it is increased as vellus hairs convert to cosmetically compromising terminal hairs. Functional alterations noted in the skin of elderly persons include a decreased growth rate of the epidermis, hair, and nails, delayed wound healing, reduced dermal clearance of fluids and foreign materials, and compromised vascular responsiveness. Eccrine and apocrine secretions are diminished. The cutaneous immune and inflammatory responses are impaired, particularly cell-mediated immunity. Clinical correlates of these intrinsic aging changes of the skin include alopecia, pallor, xerosis, an increased number of benign and malignant epidermal neoplasms, increased susceptibility to blister formation, predisposition to injury of the dermis and underlying tissues, delayed onset and resolution of blisters and wheals, persistent contact dermatitis, impaired tanning response to ultraviolet light, increased risk for wound infections, prolongation of therapy necessary for onychomycosis, and thermoregulatory disturbances.

key words hair loss treatment hair regrowth

Cell Stress Chaperones. 2008; 13:31

Prevention of chemotherapy-induced alopecia in rodent models
Joaquin J.

edited exerpt...

....Finally, we carried out chemotherapy experiments to demonstrate that induced hairloss could be prevented. Targeted delivery of heat to skin areas in which hair loss induction is to be inhibited will preclude the induction of a stress protein response in tumors not located in the heated areas. However, although the stress protein response is an intracellular protective response, the possibility needed to be considered that heat exposure of skin and embedded structures could induce signals that could affect chemotherapy of a tumor located elsewhere. .... Results revealed that localized heat treatment did not significantly reduce the antineoplastic effect of cyclophosphamide (Fig. 2c; see p values included in the graph). This finding was confirmed in a second, similarly powered experiment.In summary, our data indicate that localized activation of a stress protein response is an effective new method for preventing chemotherapy-induced hair loss in animal models. As was hoped based on the known broad protective effects of an activated stress protein response, the method appears to afford protection against a diverse range of antineoplastic agents and combinations. Chemotherapy protocols utilized in the clinic not only differ in the drug or drug combination used but also in the number of drug doses administered per treatment cycle, the interval between doses and the duration of drug administration (i.e., injection or infusion). A preliminary experiment suggested that a one-time activation of a stress protein response protects the hair follicles of young rats from the toxic effects of a 5-day regimen of daily etoposide. If this result translates to humans, the present heat preconditioning method for preventing chemotherapy-induced alopecia should be compatible with or capable of adaptation to many of the chemotherapy protocols in clinical use.Although heat preconditioning was utilized primarily to induce a protective response, several experiments were conducted in which a similar response was obtained following s.c. or i.d. administration of GA or 17AAG, respectively. Effective methods of liposomal delivery of compounds deep into the hair follicles were developed.....

.. Over all, in this recent study, by comparing finasteride tablet and gel groups with each other for hair loss treatment, it was found that, the therapeutic response to the tablet group was better than gel group, but in fifth and sixth months of treatment, treatment response in both groups was ideitical.

Like other studies, these results show topical finasteride gel works and if used for male pattern hair loss patients, who experienced hair loss in recent years, it canreplacement of oral therapy, especially in those who worry about oral drug died-effects...

Stroke and uric acid. Many of the same treatments that work in hair loss treatment also ameliorate stroke

Can Vet J. 2009 May; 50(5): 511–514. PMCID: PMC2671874

Copyright and/or publishing rights held by the Canadian Veterinary Medical Association
Color dilution alopecia in a blue Doberman pinscher crossbreed

Roberta Perego, et al

Abstract
A 6-year-old male, blue Doberman pinscher crossbreed was presented with coat abnormalities; in particular, flank hair loss and pruritus. Based on medical the history, clinical evidence, and histopathological examination, color dilution alopecia was diagnosed. The dog was with oral melatonin treated for 3 months without success.
Résumé
Alopécie à dilution de couleur chez une race croisée de Doberman Pinscher bleu. Un Doberman Pinscher âgé de 6 ans est présenté avec des anomalies du pelage; en particulier, une alopécie du flanc et du prurit. En fonction de l’anamnèse, des signes cliniques et de l’examen histopathologique, l’alopécie à dilution de couleur a été diagnostiquée. Le chien a été traité sans succès à la mélatonine pendant 3 mois.(Traduit par Isabelle Vallières)

Doru T et al
Dermatology Online Journal 15: 1

....better understanding of the EGF family ligands and receptors, as well as their interplay and physiological phases, has the potential to produce a revolution in the treatment of hair loss. Availability of topical EGFR blockers and the development of more specific molecules that will stimulate the hair regrowth pathways will build on the fact that EGFR blockade can produce long-term hair growth. An apparent lack of tolerance to the hair regrowth effect after long term treatment, as recently seen, contrasts with other systemic and cutaneous toxicities of medications from the EGFR blocking class, thus creating the possibility of clinically relevant long-lasting effects.

Edited for hair loss blog use

Dermatology. 1992;185:82

Psoriatic alopecia: acute and chronic hair loss in 47 patients with scalp psoriasis.
Runne U, Kroneisen-Wiersma P.

Symptomatic hair loss and alopecia were seen in psoriatic lesions of the scalp in 47 patients. snip... Hair loss varied in intensity from protracted to moderate and massive (36% in tufts). It presented as acute (51%), chronic (36%) or chronic recurrent (13%). Thirteen patients (28%) became aware of the hair loss with the beginning of therapy. snip... This infiltrate can alter the follicle epithelium and may lead to a granulomatous foreign-body reaction with destruction of the hair follicle. After topical antipsoriatic treatment, most of the reexamined patients showed complete hair regrowth, while 5 developed a residual scarring. Therefore, in the patient with circumscribed or diffuse symptomatic alopecia, with or without scarring, psoriatic alopecia should be considered.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab.1987;65:188

The effects of N,N-diethyl-4-methyl-3-oxo-4-aza-5 alpha-androstane-17 beta-carboxamide, a 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor and antiandrogen, on the development of baldness in the stumptail macaque.

Rittmaster RS, et al

We used a primate model of male-pattern baldness to test the efficacy of a topically applied 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor and antiandrogen (4-MA) in the prevention and treatment of baldness. Six periadolescent stumptail macaques were given daily topical applications of either 4-MA in dimethylsulfoxide or dimethylsulfoxide alone for 27 months. The three control monkeys developed varying degrees of baldness and hair loss, while the three 4-MA-treated monkeys retained their juvenile pattern of hair growth. The percentage of actively growing hair follicles in the frontal scalp did not change in the 4-MA-treated group while a significant decrease occurred in the control group. Skin 5 alpha-reductase activity was reduced in the scalp of the 4-MA-treated monkeys. We conclude that topical 4-MA can prevent the development of baldness in the stumptail macaque, a primate model of androgen-dependent baldness.

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Eur J Dermatol. 2000;10:443-50.

Normalisation of hair follicle morphology iin alopecia areata mice after hair loss treatment with squaric acid dibutylester.
Gardner S, et al

Hair loss in Alopecia areata is a non-scarring, reversible disorder, presumably caused by an autoimmune attack on anagen hair follicles. Treatments are numerous, and most of these are ineffective. However, the elicitation of contact dermatitis on the affected skin is commonly associated with hair regrowth. A major advance in the study of hair loss due to alopecia areata has been the introduction and characterisation of the C3H/HeJ mouse model that exhibits many features of the human disease. In this study we examined the effects of squaric acid dibutylester treatment on hair follicles and the associated leukocyte infiltrate in alopecia areata mice with hair lsss by light and transmission electron microscopic analysis. This was compared with unaffected normal mice and alopecic untreated mice. Experimental mice were treated unilaterally with the contact allergen squaric acid dibutylester and the skin was assessed after hair regrowth. The characteristic pathological picture of alopecia areata was observed in alopecic but not normal mice. Nine of eleven experimental mice regrew hair on the treated side only and this was associated with a reduction in peri/intrafollicular inflammatory cell infiltrates, hair follicle dystrophy, melanin incontinence/clumping, and an increase in the numbers of hair follicles in full anagen. This normalisation of hair follicle status after treatment reflects the successful reversal of disease in these mice. snip....

Dermatology.1995;190:192

Protection against chemotherapy-induced hair loss by cyclosporin A.
Hussein AM, et al

edited for hair loss blog

BACKGROUND: We have previously shown that several agents will protect against chemotherapy-induced hair loss in the newborn rat animal model. Such protective agents render the hair follicle keratinocytes resistant to chemotherapy possibly by the expression of P-glycoprotein (Pgp). Cyclosporin A is a potent inhibitor of Pgp. METHODS AND RESULTS: Efficacy of CSA was tested in its effects on chemotherapy-induced hair loss in the newborn rat animal model. CSA, when applied topically, protected rats from local hair loss induced by various agents. CONCLUSION: The mechanism of protection against hair loss by CSA and its relationship to Pgp remain uncertain. The potential clinical applicability of this observation remains to be determined.

Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 1988 Apr;48(4):203-14.

Hormonal diagnosis in so-called androgenetic alopecia in the female

Moltz L.

Androgenetic alopecia or pattern hair loss occurs quite frequently. Up to 79% of women suffer at least temporarily from varying degrees of intermittent diffuse hair loss in the centro-parietal and/or fronto-temporal regions. A.A. is caused by an androgen excess acting on the hair follicle for prolonged periods of time in the presence of a genetic predisposition. However, often hyperandrogenemia cannot be demonstrated in such patients. 125 women with clinically typical a.A. were investigated prospectively under standardized conditions. ... snip... Using low-dose antiandrogens, estrogens, prolactin suppressants, corticoids, iron-II-preparations as well as estrogen-containing hair lotions hair loss was arrested in 74 of 104 treated women, while regrowth of hair was accomplished in 16 patients. 14 women did not respond to therapy.

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Gynakologe. 1980;13:1-17.

Clinical use of antiandrogens in the female

Moltz L, Schwartz U, Hammerstein J.

PIP: The use of antiandrogens (principally cyproterone acetate CPA) to treat women with symptoms of hypersecretion of androgens such as hair loss is discussed. ..snip... Seborrhea and endogenous acne can be effectively treated with all types of antiandrogen preparations. Androgenetic alopecia (pattern hair loss) can also be treated in a majority of cases with CPA preparations. CPA treatment should not last longer than 12 months. High dosage CPA use by ovulating women causes suppression of the preovulatory LH and FSH peaks but has little effect on basal levels; in postmenopausal women, the basal LH and FSH levels are significantly reduced. Use of CPA by itself causes a significant decrease in the levels of testosterone and delta-4-andostendion 3,17-dion. Use of CPA/EE combinations causes an increase in SHBG and the blood cortisol levels. Protein metabolism, hematopoesis, blood coagulation, and liver function are not affected by CPA use. Reduced glucose utilization and an increase in triglyceride levels are observed during CPA use. snip....

Edited for hair loss blog

Lancet. 1977;2:253-4.

Doxorubicin-induced hair loss and possible modification by scalp cooling.
Edelstyn GA, et al

PMID: 69866

J Craniofac Surg.2009;20:1484
Double scalping flap: a versatile technique in scalp reconstruction.

Papadopoulos O, et al

edited for hair loss blog

Scalp reconstruction is a challenging area in plastic surgery. The susceptibility of potentially exposed brain tissue is almost always a concern along with the provision of adequate soft tissue coverage in cases of full-thickness defects. ...snip.. . Disadvantages that may be considered are the loss of hair-bearing skin at the occipital region and the poor color and texture match between scalp skin and the split-thickness skin graft that is used on the donor site. We present 2 patients with exemplary case of neglected malignancy of the scalp and their successful treatment using the double scalping flap. ..snip...

Link: http://www.drproctor.com

Hautarzt. 1992;43(3):158

Hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia syndrome

Wollina U, et al

edited for hair loss blog

We report on a 23-year-old women suffering from a hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with baldness, xerodermia, kyphosis of the chest, hypopigmented mamillae, disturbances of the menstrual cycle, dysphonia and keratitis punctata superficialis recidivans. The complex condition is classified as a tricho-oculo-dermo-vertebral syndrome. Immunohistological findings suggest a combined alteration of epithelial differentiation of hair follicles and interfollicular epidermis.

Hautarzt. 1992;43(3):158

Hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia syndrome--trichooculodermatovertebral syndrome

Wollina U, et al

edited for hair loss blog

We report on a 23-year-old women suffering from a hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with baldness, xerodermia, kyphosis of the chest, hypopigmented mamillae, disturbances of the menstrual cycle, dysphonia and keratitis punctata superficialis recidivans. The complex condition is classified as a tricho-oculo-dermo-vertebral syndrome. Immunohistological findings suggest a combined alteration of epithelial differentiation of hair follicles and interfollicular epidermis.

Acta Derm Venereol. 1989;69(3):190

An experimental study evaluating the effect of minoxidil on the growth cycle of hair follicles.Gobé GC,

The possibility that topically-applied minoxidil might affect the growth cycle of hair follicles was studied in inbred Herston white mice and HRA/Skh1 hairless mice. In the normal follicular cycle, the anagen or growth phase can be followed by autoradiographic demonstration of [3H]thymidine uptake in proliferating matrical cells, and the catagen or regression phase can be recognised, using light microscopy, by the presence of greatly increased death of matrical cells by apoptosis. Using these two markers, the effects of topically-applied minoxidil on follicular kinetics were studied, during neonatal hair growth and the spontaneous wave of hair loss that occurs 16 to 17 days after birth. Minoxidil at strengths of either 1% or 3%, applied daily to the dorsal skin of newborn mice from birth until 25 days of age, was found to have no recognisable effect. Despite this negative result, however, the study does show the potential for the use of apoptosis as a marker for catagen in research in dermatopathology.